Living well later
Retirement & Pensions
The German state pension replaces about half of your last net income. The other half is your job, and it is doable.
The number
Calculating your pension gap: how much you really need
The German state pension replaces around 48 percent of the average wage in 2026, net before tax.
Subsidised provision
Riester or Rürup: which subsidised pension suits whom
Riester brings allowances, Rürup brings tax deductions, both bring costs and lock-in.
Self-built
Private pension without a contract: the ETF model
An ETF portfolio with a withdrawal plan replaces any pension insurance for most people: cheaper, more flexible, inheritable.
Retirement
Pension Gap Calculator
Age, net income, expected pension: how big your gap is and which savings rate closes it.